PMC

Post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 by unsaturated fatty acids may also occur via mechanisms involving protein kinases that phosphorylate (P) ABCA1 to facilitate the protein degradation. In contrast, other types of kinases such as PKA may inhibit the action of unsaturated fatty acids and stabilize the protein. Unsaturated fatty acids may also repress ABCA1 transcription in a LXR-dependent manner. Activity or recruitment of an HDAC as a component of NCoR/SMRT coprepressor complex that is associated with a LXR/RXR heterodimer in the promoter of Abca1 may be altered by unsaturated fatty acids via post transcriptional histone modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiqutination and sumolyation.

Comparison of different unsaturated fatty acids on I_K(Ca). A: Raw traces of 10 μmol/L OA, LA and AA on I_K(Ca); B: Increased effect of different unsaturated fatty acids on I_K(Ca) (n = 8, ^aP<0.05, ^bP<0.01 vs control).

The abundance of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was determined in lipid extracts from cardiac tissue in Sham and AS hearts fed normolipidic (Normo) or high-unsaturated fat diet (HUFA). Lipid extracts were separated into: (A) saturated cytosolic free fatty acids (FFAs); (B) unsaturated FFAs; (C) saturated fatty acids from diacylglycerol (DAG); (D) unsaturated fatty acids from DAG; (E) saturated fatty acids from triacylglycerol (TAG); (F) unsaturated fatty acids from DAG. All saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, as determined by GC-MS analysis, were summed and the percentage of total fatty acids was calculated. Data are reported as mean ± SEM for each group. ^# p<0.05 vs. Sham-HUFA, n = 5 each group.

Structures of 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids. The numbers above the fatty acids indicate the n-3 (ω-3), n-6 (ω-6), n-9 (ω-9), and n-12 positions of double bonds